Bacillus tusciae T2T DSM 2912 [1] | Genus Bacillus [54] | ||
---|---|---|---|
Cell shape | straight rods, 4–5 µm long | rods, 1.5–6.3 µm long | rods, normally up to 5 µm long |
Gram stain | positive | positive | positive |
Oxygen requirement | aerobic, facultative anaerobic, but not with nitrate | aerobic, facultative anaerobic | aerobic, facultative anaerobic, a few species are strictly anaerobic |
Endospores | subterminal, oval | terminal up to subterminal | ellipsoidal, central |
sspE genes for acid-soluble spore proteins | missing | missing | frequent |
growth temperature | >47°C to <67°C, opt. 55°C | 4–70°C, opt. 35–65°C | 10–60°C |
pH optimum | 4.2–4.8 | < 4.5, (range 1.5–5) | 5–10 |
Phenotype | thermoacidophile | thermoacidophiles | some obligate or facultative thermophiles |
Habitat | ponds in solfatara of geothermal area | acidic geothermal sites (soil and water), fruit juices, ores | often saprophytes in decaying organic matter |
Flagellation | single lateral flagellum | motility reported for some species | motile or nonmotile; lateral |
Menaquinones | MK-7 (personal communication Brian J. Tindall) | MK-7 | MK-7 |
Major membranous lipid components | no ω-alicyclic fatty acids (personal communication Brian J. Tindall) | Large amounts (>80%) of ω-alicyclic fatty acids with six- or seven carbon rings, such as ω-cyclohexane undecanoic acid-C17:0 and ω-cyclohexane tridecanoic acid-C19:0. Three species do not possess these fatty acids. Some strains are known to form hopanoids. | cellular fatty acids: ai-C15:0, i-C15:0, ai-C15:0; no ω-alicyclic fatty acids |
Oxidase/catalase | weak/weak | ±/± | ±/± |
Inclusion bodies | poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid when grown autotrophically under ammonium starvation | not specified | some species |
Energy metabolism | grows best under autotrophic conditions, chemolithoautotrophic with H2 and CO2, but also chemoorganoheterotrophic; does not metabolize sugars | chemoorganotrophic or mixotrophic; carbohydrates, organic acids and amino acids can be utilized. Mixotrophic species utilize Fe2+ and S0 | chemoorganotrophic |