Fig. 5

The prevalence of different types of fungal residents within the ELF community was shaped by climatic factors. (a) Differentially abundant fungal residents across locations were identified based on chi-squared test and visualized in volcano plot. The stacked bar plot, violin plot, and box plot demonstrated that the fungal composition of the ELF community was distinct among the three regions, with differences in both the taxonomic and ecological profiles. (b) Regression analyses and ternary plot showed a significant correlation of isothermality (BIO3), amount of Endolichenic/Lichenicolous and Pathotroph/Saprotroph sequence reads. **** p < 0.001, *** p < 0.005, ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05